District of Bihar

Supaul District Population 2026

Q: What is the population of Supaul district in 2026?

Our estimate for 1 March 2026 is ≈28,85,000 (28.85 lakh). It is not an official figure: it applies Supaul's 2001–2011 trend, damped, to the official Bihar projection (method M1). Census 2011 counted 22,29,076.

Q: What was the population of Supaul district in Census 2011?

22,29,076: 11,55,283 males and 10,73,793 females, of whom 1,05,558 lived in towns and 21,23,518 in villages.

Population · 1 March 2026

≈ 28.85 lakh Estimate Our estimate, method M1, constrained to the official state projection 1 March 2026 How this is made →

28,85,000 2.88 million 1 March 2026

Supaul district's population is estimated at ≈28.85 lakh (28,85,000) on 1 March 2026. This is our estimate, tied to the official Bihar projection; Census 2011, the last count, recorded 22,29,076.

Estimate: method M1, constrained to the RGI projection for Bihar. Census: ORGI.

Which number do you mean?

District totals include villages. Here is how the 2011 population splits between towns and villages.

District

Supaul district

Census 2011: 22,29,076
2026 Estimate Our estimate, method M1, constrained to the official state projection How this is made →: ≈ 28.85 lakh

Urban population

Towns (urban)

Census 2011: 1,05,558

Rural

Villages (rural)

Census 2011: 21,23,518

Key figures

Population 2026: ≈ 28.85 lakh 28,85,000 Estimate Our estimate, method M1, constrained to the official state projection How this is made →
Census 2011: 22.29 lakh 22,29,076 Census 2011 Final count, Census of India 2011 (ORGI) How this is made →
Density: 919per km² 2011
Sex ratio: 929 Bihar: 918
Child sex ratio (0–6): 944 Bihar: 935
Literacy rate: 57.7% Male 69.6% · Female 44.8%
Urban share: 4.7% Bihar: 11.3%
Growth 2001–11: +28.7% Bihar: +25.4%
Area: 2,425km² Census 2011
Households: 4.43 lakh 5.0 people per household
Villages: 551 Census 2011
Towns: 3 Census 2011

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Density · Bihar

Population over time

Census counts on 2011 boundaries, then our estimate to 2036.

Census
Estimate

33 L 2026

› Show the numbers as a table

Year	Population
1951	4,31,547
1961	6,63,339
1971	8,54,589
1981	10,87,762
1991	13,42,841
2001	17,32,578
2011	22,29,076
2016 *	24,60,000
2021 *	26,69,000
2026 *	28,85,000
2031 *	30,96,000
2036 *	32,81,000

* Estimate

How Supaul's 2011 population was spread

Sub-districts (tehsils, talukas, mandals or blocks) as they were in Census 2011. “Part” means only some of it now lies in this district.

How Supaul's 2011 population was spread
#
1	Supaul	3,60,198	16.2%	918	59.8%	18.2%
2	Tribeniganj	3,22,477	14.5%	926	58.2%	0.0%
3	Chhatapur	2,86,456	12.9%	927	58.0%	0.0%
4	Raghopur	2,15,643	9.7%	940	58.4%	0.0%
5	Basantpur	2,02,007	9.1%	924	59.2%	9.9%
6	Pipra	2,01,399	9.0%	932	54.2%	0.0%
7	Kishanpur	1,67,669	7.5%	934	55.8%	0.0%
8	Marauna	1,45,136	6.5%	943	54.2%	0.0%
9	Saraigarh Bhaptiyahi	1,22,772	5.5%	941	58.2%	0.0%
10	Pratapganj	1,06,884	4.8%	927	57.6%	0.0%
11	Nirmali	98,435	4.4%	937	57.7%	20.5%

Largest towns in Supaul (Census 2011)

Supaul 65,437
Nirmali 20,189
Birpur 19,932

How people in Supaul worked (Census 2011)

Cultivators

23.0%

Agricultural labourers

63.2%

Household industry

2.6%

Other work

11.3%

Share of all workers, main and marginal. Work participation: 39.4%.

Age structure of Supaul

Population in five-year age groups, Census 2011. Men on the left, women on the right. Census 2011 Census 2011, as published. How this is made →

MenWomen

80+
75-79
70-74
65-69
60-64
55-59
50-54
45-49
40-44
35-39
30-34
25-29
20-24
15-19
10-14
5-9
0-4

› Show the numbers as a table

Age	Men	Women
0-4	1,51,680	1,43,696
5-9	1,75,986	1,67,986
10-14	1,61,182	1,43,694
15-19	1,00,021	75,234
20-24	79,092	85,524
25-29	83,904	85,439
30-34	76,857	77,633
35-39	73,480	66,542
40-44	57,474	51,097
45-49	48,186	43,751
50-54	37,907	32,401
55-59	29,428	30,037
60-64	30,412	28,185
65-69	22,069	19,165
70-74	13,663	10,945
75-79	5,548	4,885
80+	6,738	6,227

Children (0–14): 42.4%; Bihar 40.2%
Working age (15–59): 50.9%; Bihar 52.3%
Older people (60+): 6.6%; Bihar 7.4%
Median age: 19.8years; Bihar 20.4
Dependency ratio: 86.7; children and 65+ per 100 aged 15–64; Bihar 81.0

Languages spoken in Supaul

Share of people by mother tongue, grouped into languages as the Census does. 37 languages recorded. Census 2011 Census 2011, as published. How this is made →

Maithili 76.3%
Hindi 12.8%
Urdu 9.3%
Bengali 1.3%
Kurukh/Oraon 0.1%
Nepali 0.1%
Santali 0.0%
Others 0.0%

Largest mother tongues

Maithili76.2%
Hindi12.4%
Urdu9.3%
Bengali1.3%
Magadhi/Magahi0.2%
Bhojpuri0.1%
Kurukh/Oraon0.1%
Thati0.1%

Housing and amenities in Supaul

Share of households, Houselisting Census 2011. Census 2011 Census 2011, as published. How this is made →

Basic services

Electricity for lighting 11.6%

Bihar 16.4%
Tap water 1.3%

Bihar 4.4%
Water source within premises 62.1%

Bihar 50.1%
Toilet within premises 10.8%

Bihar 23.1%
Open defecation (no latrine) (Lower is better for this one.) 88.4%

Bihar 75.8%
Bathing area within premises 34.6%

Bihar 37.5%
Closed drainage 1.0%

Bihar 6.7%
Cooking with LPG/PNG 2.7%

Bihar 8.1%
Cooking with wood, crop waste or dung (Lower is better for this one.) 94.3%

Bihar 88.9%

What households own

Mobile phone 45.6%

Bihar 53.2%
Television 6.0%

Bihar 14.5%
Scooter or motorcycle 5.0%

Bihar 8.1%
Computer or laptop 5.7%

Bihar 7.1%
Car, jeep or van 0.9%

Bihar 1.7%
Use banking services 41.9%

Bihar 44.4%
None of the listed assets (Lower is better for this one.) 31.5%

Bihar 25.6%

The home itself

Own their home 97.6%

Bihar 96.8%
Rent their home 1.1%

Bihar 2.1%
Permanent (pucca) house 22.4%

Bihar 48.0%
House in good condition 33.3%

Bihar 36.1%
Concrete roof 8.4%

Bihar 23.8%
Cement or tiled floor 7.3%

Bihar 15.2%
One room or less (Lower is better for this one.) 54.8%

Bihar 47.7%

Bihar

What the numbers say

Supaul district held 2.1% of Bihar's population in 2011, 23rd of 38 districts.
Literacy is 57.7%, 4.1 points below the Bihar average of 61.8%.
The gender gap in literacy is wide: 69.6% of men but only 44.8% of women could read and write in 2011.
The sex ratio of 929 females per 1,000 males is higher than the state's 918.
4.7% of residents lived in towns in 2011, more rural than Bihar as a whole (11.3%).
The population grew 28.7% in 2001–11, faster than Bihar's 25.4%.
Our 2026 estimate, ≈28.85 lakh, implies growth of about 29% since 2011; it is tied to the official Bihar projection.
Its largest town, Supaul, had 65.4 thousand people in 2011, 2.9% of the district.

Compare with

All districts of Bihar →

Census 2027 status

Results pending

Phase I: houselisting

Done (2 May 2026 – 31 May 2026)
Phase II: counting people

February 2027 (reference date 1 March 2027)
Results

Not yet released. In 2011, first figures came about a month after counting ended.

When the Registrar General publishes Census 2027 figures for Supaul, they will appear on this page, at this address. Census 2027 explained →

Population by religion in Supaul (Census 2011)

Official figures as published by the Office of the Registrar General. Shown without commentary. Census 2011 Census 2011, as published. How this is made →

Population by religion in Supaul (Census 2011)
Religion	Persons	Share	Bihar
Hindu	18,09,936	81.2%	82.7%
Muslim	4,09,251	18.4%	16.9%
Christian	3,758	0.2%	0.1%
Sikh	271	0.0%	0.0%
Buddhist	136	0.0%	0.0%
Jain	546	0.0%	0.0%
Other religions and persuasions	42	0.0%	0.0%
Religion not stated	5,136	0.2%	0.2%
Total	22,29,076	100%

Frequently asked questions

What is the population of Supaul district in 2026?

Our estimate for 1 March 2026 is ≈28,85,000 (28.85 lakh). It is not an official figure: it applies Supaul's 2001–2011 trend, damped, to the official Bihar projection (method M1). Census 2011 counted 22,29,076.

What was the population of Supaul district in Census 2011?

22,29,076: 11,55,283 males and 10,73,793 females, of whom 1,05,558 lived in towns and 21,23,518 in villages.

What is the literacy rate and sex ratio of Supaul?

Literacy was 57.7% in 2011 (men 69.6%, women 44.8%). The sex ratio was 929 females per 1,000 males, and 944 among children aged 0–6.

Which is the largest town in Supaul district?

Supaul, with 65,437 people in Census 2011.

How many villages and towns are in Supaul district?

On today's boundaries the district contains 551 Census 2011 villages and 3 towns.

⤓ Download Bihar district data (CSV)

Sources and method

Data updated: 4 October 2026 · Report a correction