CO₂ emissions · 2024

CO₂ emissions per capita by country, 2024

The average person on Earth emitted 4.73 t of CO₂ in 2024. Among countries of 20 million people or more, Saudi Arabia is highest at 20.4 t per person; India is at 2.20 t.

Fossil fuels and industry. 2024 is the latest year the Global Carbon Budget reports by country.

Highest

1. Qatar41.3 t
2. Kuwait26.3 t
3. Bahrain24.3 t
4. Trinidad and Tobago22.9 t
5. Saudi Arabia20.4 t

Lowest

1. DR Congo0.05 t
2. Central African Republic0.07 t
3. Burundi0.07 t
4. Somalia0.07 t
5. Malawi0.09 t

Highest and lowest among countries of a million people or more.

On the map

Tap a country for its figures.

Darker = more CO₂ per person. The world average is about 4.7 tonnes.

CO₂ per person, tonnes a year

0.5t1t2.5t5t10t15t

All 213 countries

CO₂ emissions per capita by country, 2024
#
1	Qatar	41.3 t	126 Mt	3.2 million
2	Kuwait	26.3 t	130 Mt	5.1 million
3	Brunei	26.1 t	12.1 Mt	470 thousand
4	Bahrain	24.3 t	39 Mt	1.7 million
5	Trinidad and Tobago	22.9 t	34.6 Mt	1.5 million
6	Saudi Arabia	20.4 t	692 Mt	35.2 million
7	United Arab Emirates	20.1 t	222 Mt	11.6 million
8	New Caledonia	18.1 t	5.3 Mt	298 thousand
9	Sint Maarten	16.6 t	0.72 Mt	44 thousand
10	Oman	15.7 t	82.7 Mt	5.7 million
11	Australia	14.5 t	387 Mt	27.2 million
12	United States	14.2 t	4.9 Gt	349 million
13	Kazakhstan	13.9 t	287 Mt	21.1 million
14	Canada	13.4 t	533 Mt	40.5 million
15	Faroe Islands	13.1 t	0.72 Mt	57 thousand
16	Mongolia	12.9 t	44.7 Mt	3.6 million
17	Palau	12.8 t	0.23 Mt	18 thousand
18	Curacao	12.3 t	2.3 Mt	185 thousand
19	Russia	12.3 t	1.78 Gt	143 million
20	Taiwan	11.3 t	262 Mt	23 million
21	South Korea	11.3 t	584 Mt	51.6 million
22	Greenland	11.1 t	0.62 Mt	56 thousand
23	Turkmenistan	10.8 t	81 Mt	7.7 million
24	Luxembourg	10.5 t	7 Mt	687 thousand
25	Anguilla	10.1 t	0.15 Mt	15 thousand
26	Saint Pierre and Miquelon	9.79 t	0.06 Mt	6 thousand
27	Iceland	9.67 t	3.8 Mt	402 thousand
28	Singapore	9.24 t	53.9 Mt	5.9 million
29	Libya	8.84 t	65.3 Mt	7.5 million
30	China	8.66 t	12.29 Gt	1.41 billion
31	Iran	8.66 t	793 Mt	93.2 million
32	Aruba	8.52 t	0.92 Mt	108 thousand
33	Bermuda	8.51 t	0.55 Mt	64 thousand
34	Malaysia	8.16 t	290 Mt	36.4 million
35	Turks and Caicos Islands	8.14 t	0.38 Mt	47 thousand
36	Japan	7.77 t	962 Mt	122 million
37	Bahamas	7.65 t	3.1 Mt	405 thousand
38	Belgium	7.28 t	85.5 Mt	11.8 million
39	Antigua and Barbuda	7.09 t	0.67 Mt	95 thousand
40	Poland	7.08 t	273 Mt	37.8 million
41	Czechia	7.04 t	75.6 Mt	10.5 million
42	South Africa	6.87 t	440 Mt	65.5 million
43	Germany	6.77 t	572 Mt	83.6 million
44	Norway	6.67 t	37.2 Mt	5.7 million
45	Ireland	6.34 t	33.3 Mt	5.4 million
46	Netherlands	6.30 t	115 Mt	18.4 million
47	Serbia	6.24 t	42 Mt	6.6 million
48	New Zealand	6.23 t	32.5 Mt	5.3 million
49	Austria	6.18 t	56.4 Mt	9.1 million
50	Belarus	6.16 t	55.8 Mt	8.9 million
51	Bosnia and Herzegovina	6.14 t	19.4 Mt	3.1 million
52	Estonia	6.11 t	8.3 Mt	1.3 million
53	Slovenia	6.02 t	12.8 Mt	2.1 million
54	Montserrat	6.02 t	0.03 Mt	4 thousand
55	Turkey	5.87 t	513 Mt	87.9 million
56	Cook Islands	5.82 t	0.08 Mt	13 thousand
57	Israel	5.61 t	52.6 Mt	9.6 million
58	Saint Kitts and Nevis	5.54 t	0.26 Mt	47 thousand
59	Guyana	5.43 t	4.5 Mt	841 thousand
60	Cyprus	5.37 t	7.3 Mt	1.4 million
61	Greece	5.31 t	53.4 Mt	9.9 million
62	Finland	5.30 t	29.8 Mt	5.6 million
63	Slovakia	5.28 t	29.1 Mt	5.5 million
64	Andorra	5.18 t	0.42 Mt	84 thousand
65	Nauru	5.13 t	0.06 Mt	12 thousand
66	Italy	5.09 t	302 Mt	58.9 million
67	Iraq	5.07 t	234 Mt	48 million
68	Seychelles	5.00 t	0.65 Mt	135 thousand
69	Bonaire, Saint Eustatius and Saba	4.95 t	0.15 Mt	32 thousand
70	British Virgin Islands	4.87 t	0.19 Mt	40 thousand
71	Barbados	4.83 t	1.4 Mt	283 thousand
72	Croatia	4.76 t	18.5 Mt	3.8 million
73	Denmark	4.75 t	28.4 Mt	6 million
74	Suriname	4.71 t	3 Mt	645 thousand
75	Bulgaria	4.68 t	31.6 Mt	6.7 million
76	Spain	4.60 t	220 Mt	47.9 million
77	United Kingdom	4.53 t	313 Mt	69.9 million
78	Hong Kong	4.49 t	33.3 Mt	7.4 million
79	Lithuania	4.39 t	12.5 Mt	2.8 million
80	Maldives	4.37 t	2.3 Mt	532 thousand
81	Algeria	4.23 t	198 Mt	48 million
82	Hungary	4.14 t	40 Mt	9.6 million
83	Niue	4.14 t	0.01 Mt	2 thousand
84	Marshall Islands	4.11 t	0.15 Mt	35 thousand
85	Venezuela	4.08 t	116 Mt	28.6 million
86	Chile	3.98 t	78.7 Mt	19.9 million
87	France	3.97 t	264 Mt	66.7 million
88	Azerbaijan	3.85 t	39.8 Mt	10.5 million
89	Uzbekistan	3.83 t	139 Mt	37.7 million
90	Ukraine	3.76 t	143 Mt	39.5 million
91	Thailand	3.74 t	268 Mt	71.6 million
92	Argentina	3.74 t	171 Mt	46 million
93	Montenegro	3.72 t	2.4 Mt	626 thousand
94	Equatorial Guinea	3.70 t	7 Mt	2 million
95	Mauritius	3.68 t	4.7 Mt	1.3 million
96	Vietnam	3.67 t	371 Mt	102 million
97	North Macedonia	3.63 t	6.6 Mt	1.8 million
98	Romania	3.60 t	68.5 Mt	18.8 million
99	Switzerland	3.60 t	32.1 Mt	9 million
100	Sweden	3.59 t	38.1 Mt	10.7 million
101	Mexico	3.52 t	461 Mt	133 million
102	Latvia	3.45 t	6.5 Mt	1.8 million
103	Portugal	3.41 t	35.5 Mt	10.4 million
104	Liechtenstein	3.30 t	0.13 Mt	40 thousand
105	French Polynesia	3.27 t	0.92 Mt	283 thousand
106	Grenada	3.22 t	0.38 Mt	117 thousand
107	Malta	3.20 t	1.7 Mt	549 thousand
108	Laos	3.14 t	24.4 Mt	8 million
109	Georgia	3.10 t	11.8 Mt	3.8 million
110	Saint Lucia	2.99 t	0.54 Mt	180 thousand
111	Jamaica	2.96 t	8.4 Mt	2.8 million
112	Botswana	2.96 t	7.5 Mt	2.6 million
113	Dominican Republic	2.90 t	33.1 Mt	11.6 million
114	Indonesia	2.87 t	812 Mt	288 million
115	Panama	2.81 t	12.7 Mt	4.6 million
116	Lebanon	2.70 t	15.7 Mt	5.9 million
117	Wallis and Futuna	2.70 t	0.03 Mt	11 thousand
118	Tunisia	2.66 t	32.7 Mt	12.4 million
119	Dominica	2.58 t	0.17 Mt	66 thousand
120	Ecuador	2.54 t	46 Mt	18.4 million
121	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	2.54 t	0.26 Mt	99 thousand
122	Armenia	2.50 t	7.4 Mt	2.9 million
123	North Korea	2.36 t	62.5 Mt	26.6 million
124	Uruguay	2.35 t	8 Mt	3.4 million
125	Bolivia	2.31 t	28.7 Mt	12.7 million
126	Brazil	2.28 t	483 Mt	214 million
127	Cuba	2.23 t	24.4 Mt	10.9 million
128	Egypt	2.22 t	258 Mt	120 million
129	India	2.20 t	3.19 Gt	1.48 billion
130	Saint Helena	2.17 t	0.01 Mt	5 thousand
131	Gabon	2.13 t	5.4 Mt	2.6 million
132	Bhutan	2.09 t	1.7 Mt	802 thousand
133	Peru	2.05 t	70.3 Mt	34.9 million
134	Jordan	2.01 t	23.2 Mt	11.6 million
135	Belize	1.91 t	0.8 Mt	429 thousand
136	Morocco	1.81 t	69.1 Mt	38.8 million
137	Colombia	1.75 t	92.7 Mt	53.9 million
138	Moldova	1.75 t	5.3 Mt	3 million
139	Costa Rica	1.71 t	8.8 Mt	5.2 million
140	Kyrgyzstan	1.64 t	11.8 Mt	7.4 million
141	Albania	1.59 t	4.4 Mt	2.8 million
142	Fiji	1.56 t	1.4 Mt	937 thousand
143	Philippines	1.51 t	175 Mt	118 million
144	Macao	1.47 t	1.1 Mt	723 thousand
145	Tonga	1.46 t	0.15 Mt	103 thousand
146	El Salvador	1.42 t	9 Mt	6.4 million
147	Congo	1.40 t	8.8 Mt	6.6 million
148	Micronesia	1.33 t	0.15 Mt	114 thousand
149	Syria	1.29 t	31.8 Mt	26.5 million
150	Cambodia	1.24 t	21.9 Mt	18.1 million
151	Honduras	1.19 t	12.9 Mt	11.2 million
152	Tuvalu	1.18 t	0.01 Mt	9 thousand
153	Paraguay	1.15 t	7.9 Mt	7.1 million
154	Namibia	1.15 t	3.5 Mt	3.2 million
155	Cabo Verde	1.13 t	0.59 Mt	530 thousand
156	Samoa	1.13 t	0.25 Mt	221 thousand
157	Lesotho	1.10 t	2.6 Mt	2.4 million
158	Guatemala	1.08 t	19.9 Mt	19 million
159	Tajikistan	1.01 t	10.7 Mt	11 million
160	Mauritania	1.01 t	5.2 Mt	5.5 million
161	Sri Lanka	0.90 t	20.8 Mt	23.3 million
162	Palestine	0.87 t	4.8 Mt	5.7 million
163	Eswatini	0.84 t	1 Mt	1.3 million
164	Zimbabwe	0.82 t	13.7 Mt	17.3 million
165	Nicaragua	0.81 t	5.6 Mt	7.1 million
166	Papua New Guinea	0.79 t	8.3 Mt	10.9 million
167	Senegal	0.76 t	14.1 Mt	19.4 million
168	Pakistan	0.72 t	180 Mt	259 million
169	Comoros	0.64 t	0.55 Mt	899 thousand
170	Nepal	0.63 t	18.8 Mt	29.6 million
171	Bangladesh	0.62 t	108 Mt	178 million
172	Ghana	0.61 t	21 Mt	35.7 million
173	Vanuatu	0.60 t	0.2 Mt	343 thousand
174	Sao Tome and Principe	0.60 t	0.14 Mt	245 thousand
175	Angola	0.59 t	22.3 Mt	40.2 million
176	Nigeria	0.58 t	136 Mt	242 million
177	Myanmar	0.58 t	31.6 Mt	55.2 million
178	Zambia	0.56 t	12 Mt	22.5 million
179	Kiribati	0.54 t	0.07 Mt	138 thousand
180	Timor Leste	0.48 t	0.67 Mt	1.4 million
181	Djibouti	0.48 t	0.56 Mt	1.2 million
182	Côte d'Ivoire	0.46 t	14.8 Mt	33.5 million
183	Benin	0.42 t	6.1 Mt	15.2 million
184	Kenya	0.38 t	21.2 Mt	58.6 million
185	Solomon Islands	0.36 t	0.29 Mt	858 thousand
186	Sudan	0.35 t	17.8 Mt	53.3 million
187	Cameroon	0.33 t	9.6 Mt	30.6 million
188	Togo	0.33 t	2.8 Mt	9.9 million
189	Tanzania	0.29 t	20 Mt	72.6 million
190	Gambia	0.29 t	0.8 Mt	2.9 million
191	Mali	0.28 t	7 Mt	25.9 million
192	Burkina Faso	0.28 t	6.5 Mt	24.6 million
193	Guinea	0.27 t	4 Mt	15.4 million
194	Afghanistan	0.25 t	10.8 Mt	45 million
195	Yemen	0.25 t	10.1 Mt	43 million
196	Mozambique	0.25 t	8.6 Mt	36.6 million
197	Haiti	0.25 t	3 Mt	12 million
198	Eritrea	0.21 t	0.74 Mt	3.7 million
199	Sierra Leone	0.17 t	1.4 Mt	9 million
200	Liberia	0.15 t	0.86 Mt	5.9 million
201	Guinea-Bissau	0.15 t	0.34 Mt	2.3 million
202	Ethiopia	0.14 t	17.8 Mt	139 million
203	Madagascar	0.14 t	4.5 Mt	33.5 million
204	Chad	0.14 t	2.8 Mt	21.6 million
205	Rwanda	0.14 t	2 Mt	14.9 million
206	South Sudan	0.14 t	1.7 Mt	12.4 million
207	Uganda	0.13 t	6.3 Mt	52.8 million
208	Niger	0.12 t	3.2 Mt	28.8 million
209	Malawi	0.09 t	1.9 Mt	22.8 million
210	Somalia	0.07 t	1.3 Mt	20.3 million
211	Burundi	0.07 t	0.92 Mt	14.7 million
212	Central African Republic	0.07 t	0.4 Mt	5.7 million
213	DR Congo	0.05 t	5.9 Mt	116 million

Gt = billion tonnes, Mt = million tonnes, t = tonnes of CO₂. Emissions are counted where fuel is burned (territorial), not where goods are consumed. International aviation and shipping (3.1% of the world total) belong to no country.

Questions

Which country has the highest CO₂ emissions per person?

Qatar, at 41.3 t per person in 2024, then Kuwait (26.3 t), Bahrain (24.3 t), Trinidad and Tobago (22.9 t), among countries of a million people or more: oil and gas producers with small populations.

What are the per-capita emissions of the US, China and India?

In 2024: the United States 14.2 t, China 8.66 t, India 2.20 t, against a world average of 4.73 t.

Which countries emit the least CO₂ per person?

DR Congo (0.05 t), Central African Republic (0.07 t), Burundi (0.07 t), Somalia (0.07 t): mostly low-income countries in Africa, where many people have no electricity.

More on emissions

Source: Global Carbon Budget (Friedlingstein et al., Global Carbon Project), via Our World in Data’s CO2 and greenhouse gas dataset (CC BY 4.0). Fossil CO₂ from coal, oil, gas, cement, flaring and other industry; land-use change is excluded.