Population · North America
Canada population 2026
Right now · estimate
Canada population right now
40,575,847
- Births today
- 0
- Deaths today
- 0
- Births this year
- 303,182
- Births minus deaths this year
- +25,099
Canada has an estimated 40,467,728 people on 1 July 2026, the UN's projection, 341,005 more than a year earlier (+0.85%). It is the 38th most populous country in the world. It is still growing and is projected to reach 45.6 million by 2050 and 53.6 million by 2100.
UN projection The counter interpolates the UN’s 1 July figures to the second; it is an estimate, not a count.
Canada in numbers, 2026
- Births in 2026
- 361 thousand 989 a day
- Deaths in 2026
- 331 thousand 907 a day
- Net migration
- +291 thousand more arrivals than departures
- Growth rate
- +0.79% growing
- Fertility rate
- 1.33per woman below replacement (2.1)
- Median age
- 40.8years world: 31.1
- Life expectancy
- 83.1years
- Aged 65 and over
- 20.7% 25.7% by 2050
Land, people and health
- Capital
- Ottawa
- Area
- 9,984,670 km² 2nd largest of 237
- Population density
- 5per km² 226th most crowded
- Urban population
- 83.1% 87.4% by 2050
- Men and women
- 20.1 million / 20.4 million 98.6 men per 100 women
- Life expectancy, women
- 85.2years men: 80.9 years
- Infant mortality
- 3.8per 1,000 births under-5: 4.4
- Birth rate
- 8.9per 1,000 death rate: 8.2
- Net migration rate
- +7.2per 1,000 net arrivals
Population of Canada, 1950–2100
Still rising in 2100 on the UN medium projection. By 2050: 45.6 million (+12.7% from today).
- UN estimate
- UN projection
53.6M 2026
› Show the numbers as a table
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1950 | 13,741,747 |
| 1951 | 14,083,298 |
| 1952 | 14,482,799 |
| 1953 | 14,897,875 |
| 1954 | 15,318,987 |
| 1955 | 15,728,274 |
| 1956 | 16,159,622 |
| 1957 | 16,641,330 |
| 1958 | 17,104,086 |
| 1959 | 17,515,520 |
| 1960 | 17,898,790 |
| 1961 | 18,263,074 |
| 1962 | 18,613,601 |
| 1963 | 18,964,262 |
| 1964 | 19,321,666 |
| 1965 | 19,685,518 |
| 1966 | 20,053,671 |
| 1967 | 20,408,780 |
| 1968 | 20,734,172 |
| 1969 | 21,037,618 |
| 1970 | 21,440,022 |
| 1971 | 21,895,691 |
| 1972 | 22,230,880 |
| 1973 | 22,512,227 |
| 1974 | 22,824,082 |
| 1975 | 23,148,986 |
| 1976 | 23,455,781 |
| 1977 | 23,730,340 |
| 1978 | 23,978,738 |
| 1979 | 24,237,173 |
| 1980 | 24,533,776 |
| 1981 | 24,844,974 |
| 1982 | 25,140,164 |
| 1983 | 25,412,608 |
| 1984 | 25,670,375 |
| 1985 | 25,927,465 |
| 1986 | 26,211,031 |
| 1987 | 26,540,921 |
| 1988 | 26,927,945 |
| 1989 | 27,366,050 |
| 1990 | 27,789,443 |
| 1991 | 28,157,158 |
| 1992 | 28,500,059 |
| 1993 | 28,830,637 |
| 1994 | 29,147,381 |
| 1995 | 29,459,131 |
| 1996 | 29,767,206 |
| 1997 | 30,059,089 |
| 1998 | 30,329,969 |
| 1999 | 30,599,456 |
| 2000 | 30,891,803 |
| 2001 | 31,213,577 |
| 2002 | 31,535,577 |
| 2003 | 31,836,482 |
| 2004 | 32,132,678 |
| 2005 | 32,440,173 |
| 2006 | 32,759,171 |
| 2007 | 33,092,171 |
| 2008 | 33,449,085 |
| 2009 | 33,826,370 |
| 2010 | 34,196,899 |
| 2011 | 34,555,452 |
| 2012 | 34,922,516 |
| 2013 | 35,293,433 |
| 2014 | 35,634,264 |
| 2015 | 35,962,234 |
| 2016 | 36,353,343 |
| 2017 | 36,808,496 |
| 2018 | 37,295,005 |
| 2019 | 37,782,935 |
| 2020 | 38,171,902 |
| 2021 | 38,454,057 |
| 2022 | 38,821,259 |
| 2023 | 39,299,104 |
| 2024 * | 39,742,430 |
| 2025 * | 40,126,723 |
| 2026 * | 40,467,728 |
| 2027 * | 40,782,234 |
| 2028 * | 41,085,503 |
| 2029 * | 41,376,296 |
| 2030 * | 41,655,589 |
| 2031 * | 41,928,615 |
| 2032 * | 42,191,768 |
| 2033 * | 42,438,030 |
| 2034 * | 42,676,472 |
| 2035 * | 42,905,267 |
| 2036 * | 43,124,450 |
| 2037 * | 43,343,006 |
| 2038 * | 43,555,952 |
| 2039 * | 43,759,360 |
| 2040 * | 43,951,417 |
| 2041 * | 44,137,906 |
| 2042 * | 44,321,950 |
| 2043 * | 44,501,136 |
| 2044 * | 44,675,804 |
| 2045 * | 44,850,096 |
| 2046 * | 45,016,755 |
| 2047 * | 45,173,486 |
| 2048 * | 45,329,217 |
| 2049 * | 45,476,950 |
| 2050 * | 45,621,882 |
| 2051 * | 45,771,463 |
| 2052 * | 45,922,954 |
| 2053 * | 46,071,010 |
| 2054 * | 46,213,216 |
| 2055 * | 46,357,072 |
| 2056 * | 46,504,143 |
| 2057 * | 46,655,784 |
| 2058 * | 46,816,196 |
| 2059 * | 46,982,141 |
| 2060 * | 47,145,289 |
| 2061 * | 47,309,916 |
| 2062 * | 47,481,924 |
| 2063 * | 47,656,822 |
| 2064 * | 47,829,974 |
| 2065 * | 48,002,027 |
| 2066 * | 48,174,162 |
| 2067 * | 48,350,940 |
| 2068 * | 48,525,241 |
| 2069 * | 48,692,311 |
| 2070 * | 48,857,807 |
| 2071 * | 49,022,938 |
| 2072 * | 49,187,298 |
| 2073 * | 49,346,188 |
| 2074 * | 49,501,805 |
| 2075 * | 49,661,529 |
| 2076 * | 49,826,114 |
| 2077 * | 49,984,253 |
| 2078 * | 50,140,226 |
| 2079 * | 50,297,170 |
| 2080 * | 50,449,270 |
| 2081 * | 50,606,318 |
| 2082 * | 50,759,611 |
| 2083 * | 50,910,759 |
| 2084 * | 51,064,690 |
| 2085 * | 51,211,734 |
| 2086 * | 51,357,630 |
| 2087 * | 51,502,220 |
| 2088 * | 51,658,545 |
| 2089 * | 51,815,706 |
| 2090 * | 51,956,748 |
| 2091 * | 52,105,251 |
| 2092 * | 52,259,694 |
| 2093 * | 52,414,813 |
| 2094 * | 52,573,700 |
| 2095 * | 52,734,098 |
| 2096 * | 52,898,268 |
| 2097 * | 53,074,354 |
| 2098 * | 53,258,348 |
| 2099 * | 53,436,912 |
| 2100 * | 53,612,234 |
* UN projection
Population of Canada by year
30.9 million in 2000, 40.5 million in 2026. Every year for the last decade, then every five years to 1950. * UN projection; earlier years are UN estimates.
| Year | Population | Yearly change | Change | Net migrants | Median age | Fertility | Density (km²) | Urban | World share | World rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026* | 40,467,728 | +0.85% | +341,005 | +291,403 | 40.8 | 1.33 | 5 | 83% | 0.49% | 38 |
| 2025* | 40,126,723 | +0.97% | +384,293 | +326,204 | 40.6 | 1.33 | 4 | 83% | 0.49% | 38 |
| 2024* | 39,742,430 | +1.13% | +443,326 | +368,599 | 40.5 | 1.34 | 4 | 83% | 0.49% | 38 |
| 2023 | 39,299,104 | +1.23% | +477,845 | +433,842 | 40.3 | 1.35 | 4 | 83% | 0.49% | 38 |
| 2022 | 38,821,259 | +0.95% | +367,202 | +459,988 | 40.3 | 1.37 | 4 | 82% | 0.48% | 38 |
| 2021 | 38,454,057 | +0.74% | +282,155 | +198,867 | 40.1 | 1.43 | 4 | 82% | 0.48% | 38 |
| 2020 | 38,171,902 | +1.03% | +388,967 | +256,592 | 39.9 | 1.41 | 4 | 82% | 0.48% | 38 |
| 2019 | 37,782,935 | +1.31% | +487,930 | +387,685 | 39.8 | 1.48 | 4 | 82% | 0.48% | 39 |
| 2018 | 37,295,005 | +1.32% | +486,509 | +420,224 | 39.8 | 1.51 | 4 | 82% | 0.48% | 38 |
| 2017 | 36,808,496 | +1.25% | +455,153 | +372,685 | 39.8 | 1.55 | 4 | 81% | 0.48% | 38 |
| 2016 | 36,353,343 | +1.09% | +391,109 | +329,455 | 39.7 | 1.59 | 4 | 81% | 0.48% | 38 |
| 2015 | 35,962,234 | +0.92% | +327,970 | +224,332 | 39.6 | 1.60 | 4 | 81% | 0.48% | 38 |
| 2010 | 34,196,899 | +1.10% | +370,529 | +225,369 | 38.7 | 1.64 | 4 | 81% | 0.49% | 36 |
| 2005 | 32,440,173 | +0.96% | +307,495 | +204,526 | 37.6 | 1.57 | 4 | 80% | 0.49% | 35 |
| 2000 | 30,891,803 | +0.96% | +292,347 | +201,727 | 35.8 | 1.51 | 3 | 79% | 0.50% | 34 |
| 1995 | 29,459,131 | +1.07% | +311,750 | +141,818 | 33.7 | 1.67 | 3 | 78% | 0.51% | 33 |
| 1990 | 27,789,443 | +1.55% | +423,393 | +181,461 | 31.8 | 1.70 | 3 | 77% | 0.52% | 32 |
| 1985 | 25,927,465 | +1.00% | +257,090 | +69,776 | 29.9 | 1.59 | 3 | 76% | 0.53% | 32 |
| 1980 | 24,533,776 | +1.22% | +296,603 | +122,743 | 28.1 | 1.66 | 3 | 76% | 0.55% | 32 |
| 1975 | 23,148,986 | +1.42% | +324,904 | +139,797 | 26.4 | 1.80 | 3 | 76% | 0.57% | 31 |
| 1970 | 21,440,022 | +1.91% | +402,404 | +304,627 | 25.0 | 2.27 | 2 | 76% | 0.58% | 30 |
| 1965 | 19,685,518 | +1.88% | +363,852 | +112,401 | 24.5 | 3.07 | 2 | 73% | 0.59% | 29 |
| 1960 | 17,898,790 | +2.19% | +383,270 | +49,694 | 25.5 | 3.82 | 2 | 69% | 0.59% | 30 |
| 1955 | 15,728,274 | +2.67% | +409,287 | +95,995 | 26.3 | 3.75 | 2 | 66% | 0.57% | 30 |
| 1950 | 13,741,747 | – | – | +60,283 | 26.7 | 3.37 | 2 | 62% | 0.55% | 30 |
Population forecast for Canada
UN medium-variant projection: 45.6 million in 2050 (+12.7% from 2026), 53.6 million in 2100.
| Year | Population | Yearly change | Net migrants | Median age | Fertility | Density (km²) | Urban | World share | World rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2030 | 41,655,589 | +0.68% | +266,663 | 41.7 | 1.32 | 5 | 84% | 0.49% | 39 |
| 2035 | 42,905,267 | +0.54% | +240,507 | 42.8 | 1.34 | 5 | 85% | 0.48% | 41 |
| 2040 | 43,951,417 | +0.44% | +244,845 | 43.8 | 1.36 | 5 | 86% | 0.48% | 44 |
| 2045 | 44,850,096 | +0.39% | +263,720 | 44.6 | 1.38 | 5 | 87% | 0.48% | 47 |
| 2050 | 45,621,882 | +0.32% | +261,957 | 45.1 | 1.39 | 5 | 87% | 0.47% | 46 |
| 2060 | 47,145,289 | +0.35% | +269,560 | 45.9 | 1.42 | 5 | – | 0.47% | 46 |
| 2070 | 48,857,807 | +0.34% | +267,097 | 46.5 | 1.45 | 5 | – | 0.48% | 47 |
| 2080 | 50,449,270 | +0.30% | +277,316 | 46.8 | 1.47 | 6 | – | 0.49% | 48 |
| 2090 | 51,956,748 | +0.27% | +266,524 | 46.8 | 1.48 | 6 | – | 0.51% | 46 |
| 2100 | 53,612,234 | +0.33% | +281,666 | 46.9 | 1.49 | 6 | – | 0.53% | 45 |
Largest cities in Canada
Urban area in 2026: the whole built-up city, measured the same way for every country (UN, 2025). * UN projection. Largest cities in the world
| # | City | Population 2026 | 2050* |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Toronto | 5,539,951 | 6,168,899 |
| 2 | Montreal | 2,676,158 | 2,773,659 |
| 3 | Vancouver | 1,719,014 | 1,874,133 |
| 4 | Calgary | 1,215,748 | 1,601,251 |
| 5 | Edmonton | 993,669 | 1,242,064 |
| 6 | Winnipeg | 681,179 | 710,740 |
| 7 | Ottawa (capital) | 608,713 | 715,605 |
| 8 | Quebec | 492,311 | 517,247 |
| 9 | Surrey | 459,236 | 504,763 |
| 10 | Hamilton | 434,144 | 450,793 |
Age structure
Median age 40.8. 20.7% are 65 or older, 25.7% by 2050; 14.9% are under 15.
Share of the total population in each age group (%)
Births per woman
1.33 in 2026; about 2.1 keeps a population stable without migration. Below 2.1 since 1972.
- UN estimate
- UN projection
1.5 2026
› Show the numbers as a table
| Year | Fertility rate |
|---|---|
| 1950 | 3.37 |
| 1951 | 3.42 |
| 1952 | 3.56 |
| 1953 | 3.64 |
| 1954 | 3.74 |
| 1955 | 3.75 |
| 1956 | 3.77 |
| 1957 | 3.85 |
| 1958 | 3.81 |
| 1959 | 3.86 |
| 1960 | 3.82 |
| 1961 | 3.76 |
| 1962 | 3.68 |
| 1963 | 3.59 |
| 1964 | 3.42 |
| 1965 | 3.07 |
| 1966 | 2.75 |
| 1967 | 2.54 |
| 1968 | 2.41 |
| 1969 | 2.36 |
| 1970 | 2.27 |
| 1971 | 2.10 |
| 1972 | 1.94 |
| 1973 | 1.85 |
| 1974 | 1.81 |
| 1975 | 1.80 |
| 1976 | 1.75 |
| 1977 | 1.73 |
| 1978 | 1.68 |
| 1979 | 1.67 |
| 1980 | 1.66 |
| 1981 | 1.63 |
| 1982 | 1.62 |
| 1983 | 1.61 |
| 1984 | 1.61 |
| 1985 | 1.59 |
| 1986 | 1.58 |
| 1987 | 1.56 |
| 1988 | 1.59 |
| 1989 | 1.64 |
| 1990 | 1.70 |
| 1991 | 1.72 |
| 1992 | 1.72 |
| 1993 | 1.69 |
| 1994 | 1.69 |
| 1995 | 1.67 |
| 1996 | 1.63 |
| 1997 | 1.57 |
| 1998 | 1.55 |
| 1999 | 1.54 |
| 2000 | 1.51 |
| 2001 | 1.53 |
| 2002 | 1.51 |
| 2003 | 1.54 |
| 2004 | 1.54 |
| 2005 | 1.57 |
| 2006 | 1.61 |
| 2007 | 1.66 |
| 2008 | 1.68 |
| 2009 | 1.68 |
| 2010 | 1.64 |
| 2011 | 1.63 |
| 2012 | 1.63 |
| 2013 | 1.61 |
| 2014 | 1.61 |
| 2015 | 1.60 |
| 2016 | 1.59 |
| 2017 | 1.55 |
| 2018 | 1.51 |
| 2019 | 1.48 |
| 2020 | 1.41 |
| 2021 | 1.43 |
| 2022 | 1.37 |
| 2023 | 1.35 |
| 2024 * | 1.34 |
| 2025 * | 1.33 |
| 2026 * | 1.33 |
| 2027 * | 1.32 |
| 2028 * | 1.32 |
| 2029 * | 1.32 |
| 2030 * | 1.32 |
| 2031 * | 1.33 |
| 2032 * | 1.33 |
| 2033 * | 1.33 |
| 2034 * | 1.34 |
| 2035 * | 1.34 |
| 2036 * | 1.35 |
| 2037 * | 1.35 |
| 2038 * | 1.35 |
| 2039 * | 1.35 |
| 2040 * | 1.36 |
| 2041 * | 1.36 |
| 2042 * | 1.37 |
| 2043 * | 1.37 |
| 2044 * | 1.37 |
| 2045 * | 1.38 |
| 2046 * | 1.38 |
| 2047 * | 1.38 |
| 2048 * | 1.39 |
| 2049 * | 1.39 |
| 2050 * | 1.39 |
| 2051 * | 1.39 |
| 2052 * | 1.40 |
| 2053 * | 1.40 |
| 2054 * | 1.40 |
| 2055 * | 1.41 |
| 2056 * | 1.41 |
| 2057 * | 1.41 |
| 2058 * | 1.42 |
| 2059 * | 1.42 |
| 2060 * | 1.42 |
| 2061 * | 1.43 |
| 2062 * | 1.43 |
| 2063 * | 1.43 |
| 2064 * | 1.43 |
| 2065 * | 1.44 |
| 2066 * | 1.44 |
| 2067 * | 1.44 |
| 2068 * | 1.44 |
| 2069 * | 1.44 |
| 2070 * | 1.45 |
| 2071 * | 1.45 |
| 2072 * | 1.45 |
| 2073 * | 1.46 |
| 2074 * | 1.46 |
| 2075 * | 1.46 |
| 2076 * | 1.46 |
| 2077 * | 1.46 |
| 2078 * | 1.46 |
| 2079 * | 1.47 |
| 2080 * | 1.47 |
| 2081 * | 1.47 |
| 2082 * | 1.47 |
| 2083 * | 1.47 |
| 2084 * | 1.47 |
| 2085 * | 1.47 |
| 2086 * | 1.48 |
| 2087 * | 1.48 |
| 2088 * | 1.48 |
| 2089 * | 1.48 |
| 2090 * | 1.48 |
| 2091 * | 1.48 |
| 2092 * | 1.48 |
| 2093 * | 1.49 |
| 2094 * | 1.49 |
| 2095 * | 1.49 |
| 2096 * | 1.49 |
| 2097 * | 1.49 |
| 2098 * | 1.50 |
| 2099 * | 1.50 |
| 2100 * | 1.49 |
* UN projection
Births and deaths each year
Deaths are projected to outnumber births from 2032.
- Births
- Deaths
- UN estimate
- UN projection
452k558k 2026
› Show the numbers as a table
| Year | Births | Deaths |
|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 359,149 | 123,125 |
| 1951 | 368,896 | 124,748 |
| 1952 | 389,635 | 125,789 |
| 1953 | 403,902 | 127,438 |
| 1954 | 421,019 | 124,626 |
| 1955 | 426,460 | 128,165 |
| 1956 | 433,958 | 131,402 |
| 1957 | 450,469 | 135,508 |
| 1958 | 454,402 | 133,667 |
| 1959 | 463,478 | 138,156 |
| 1960 | 462,354 | 137,888 |
| 1961 | 458,619 | 138,931 |
| 1962 | 452,818 | 141,548 |
| 1963 | 447,958 | 145,112 |
| 1964 | 435,741 | 143,608 |
| 1965 | 401,470 | 146,302 |
| 1966 | 371,321 | 147,222 |
| 1967 | 356,564 | 147,942 |
| 1968 | 351,232 | 150,794 |
| 1969 | 356,352 | 152,358 |
| 1970 | 356,057 | 153,475 |
| 1971 | 348,887 | 155,006 |
| 1972 | 336,708 | 160,326 |
| 1973 | 333,068 | 162,037 |
| 1974 | 337,123 | 165,435 |
| 1975 | 348,381 | 165,647 |
| 1976 | 350,479 | 166,326 |
| 1977 | 354,095 | 166,376 |
| 1978 | 353,033 | 167,070 |
| 1979 | 358,743 | 167,325 |
| 1980 | 362,849 | 170,532 |
| 1981 | 364,229 | 170,360 |
| 1982 | 367,683 | 174,163 |
| 1983 | 369,951 | 174,297 |
| 1984 | 373,518 | 175,791 |
| 1985 | 372,228 | 181,539 |
| 1986 | 369,282 | 184,545 |
| 1987 | 367,061 | 185,258 |
| 1988 | 373,652 | 190,720 |
| 1989 | 388,804 | 191,618 |
| 1990 | 402,979 | 192,937 |
| 1991 | 406,396 | 196,930 |
| 1992 | 401,753 | 198,000 |
| 1993 | 392,551 | 206,696 |
| 1994 | 388,484 | 209,142 |
| 1995 | 380,498 | 213,017 |
| 1996 | 367,642 | 215,341 |
| 1997 | 350,608 | 218,378 |
| 1998 | 343,404 | 220,896 |
| 1999 | 338,118 | 222,342 |
| 2000 | 329,737 | 220,884 |
| 2001 | 333,510 | 222,641 |
| 2002 | 329,815 | 226,847 |
| 2003 | 334,808 | 229,670 |
| 2004 | 337,172 | 230,176 |
| 2005 | 342,817 | 233,959 |
| 2006 | 354,634 | 232,189 |
| 2007 | 367,258 | 239,677 |
| 2008 | 377,291 | 242,932 |
| 2009 | 380,249 | 242,591 |
| 2010 | 377,848 | 244,280 |
| 2011 | 378,973 | 247,871 |
| 2012 | 383,018 | 250,821 |
| 2013 | 382,695 | 256,616 |
| 2014 | 386,115 | 263,230 |
| 2015 | 384,571 | 268,732 |
| 2016 | 383,577 | 270,980 |
| 2017 | 377,884 | 282,311 |
| 2018 | 374,264 | 289,728 |
| 2019 | 372,337 | 288,926 |
| 2020 | 362,246 | 311,994 |
| 2021 | 369,789 | 311,188 |
| 2022 | 354,665 | 337,724 |
| 2023 | 356,745 | 311,824 |
| 2024 * | 361,079 | 321,790 |
| 2025 * | 361,103 | 326,607 |
| 2026 * | 361,315 | 331,403 |
| 2027 * | 361,206 | 336,625 |
| 2028 * | 362,624 | 342,382 |
| 2029 * | 363,065 | 348,218 |
| 2030 * | 364,010 | 354,833 |
| 2031 * | 364,701 | 361,532 |
| 2032 * | 365,817 | 368,738 |
| 2033 * | 366,417 | 376,464 |
| 2034 * | 366,850 | 383,669 |
| 2035 * | 368,450 | 391,826 |
| 2036 * | 369,607 | 399,784 |
| 2037 * | 370,601 | 408,094 |
| 2038 * | 371,653 | 416,141 |
| 2039 * | 372,743 | 423,783 |
| 2040 * | 373,777 | 431,308 |
| 2041 * | 374,982 | 439,422 |
| 2042 * | 375,933 | 446,703 |
| 2043 * | 376,719 | 453,979 |
| 2044 * | 377,658 | 460,835 |
| 2045 * | 378,506 | 467,022 |
| 2046 * | 379,304 | 473,058 |
| 2047 * | 380,298 | 478,286 |
| 2048 * | 380,279 | 483,325 |
| 2049 * | 380,457 | 487,792 |
| 2050 * | 380,314 | 491,747 |
| 2051 * | 380,975 | 495,137 |
| 2052 * | 382,318 | 497,682 |
| 2053 * | 382,824 | 499,630 |
| 2054 * | 383,842 | 500,650 |
| 2055 * | 384,964 | 501,205 |
| 2056 * | 386,143 | 501,463 |
| 2057 * | 387,068 | 501,273 |
| 2058 * | 388,108 | 500,819 |
| 2059 * | 389,422 | 500,183 |
| 2060 * | 390,909 | 499,462 |
| 2061 * | 391,963 | 498,469 |
| 2062 * | 393,877 | 497,622 |
| 2063 * | 395,604 | 497,336 |
| 2064 * | 396,838 | 497,424 |
| 2065 * | 398,287 | 497,990 |
| 2066 * | 399,648 | 499,081 |
| 2067 * | 401,219 | 500,688 |
| 2068 * | 402,635 | 502,825 |
| 2069 * | 404,068 | 505,470 |
| 2070 * | 405,831 | 508,590 |
| 2071 * | 407,626 | 511,647 |
| 2072 * | 409,355 | 515,213 |
| 2073 * | 411,061 | 519,021 |
| 2074 * | 412,811 | 522,826 |
| 2075 * | 413,837 | 527,213 |
| 2076 * | 414,787 | 530,847 |
| 2077 * | 416,303 | 535,219 |
| 2078 * | 417,905 | 538,686 |
| 2079 * | 419,396 | 542,813 |
| 2080 * | 420,915 | 546,276 |
| 2081 * | 422,385 | 549,490 |
| 2082 * | 423,913 | 552,116 |
| 2083 * | 425,052 | 554,449 |
| 2084 * | 426,371 | 556,269 |
| 2085 * | 427,866 | 558,447 |
| 2086 * | 429,407 | 560,331 |
| 2087 * | 430,294 | 561,908 |
| 2088 * | 431,555 | 562,614 |
| 2089 * | 433,273 | 563,210 |
| 2090 * | 435,096 | 562,681 |
| 2091 * | 436,076 | 562,952 |
| 2092 * | 438,357 | 562,282 |
| 2093 * | 440,278 | 561,453 |
| 2094 * | 441,517 | 561,563 |
| 2095 * | 443,101 | 560,282 |
| 2096 * | 445,189 | 559,936 |
| 2097 * | 447,477 | 559,244 |
| 2098 * | 449,442 | 558,968 |
| 2099 * | 451,404 | 558,438 |
| 2100 * | 451,815 | 558,246 |
* UN projection
Economy of Canada
GDP by country →- GDP 2026
- $2.49 trillion 11th largest economy
- GDP per person
- $60,105 US$, market rates
- GDP per person (PPP)
- Int$ 70,374 at purchasing power parity
- Economic growth
- +1.1% real GDP
- Inflation
- 2.8% consumer prices
- Unemployment
- 6.5% of the labour force
- Government debt
- 115.6% of GDP
- Share of world GDP
- 1.9%
- IMF estimate
- IMF projection
3.1T 2026
› Show the numbers as a table
| Year | GDP, US$ |
|---|---|
| 1990 | 596,089,000,000 |
| 1991 | 612,514,000,000 |
| 1992 | 594,376,000,000 |
| 1993 | 579,059,000,000 |
| 1994 | 579,913,000,000 |
| 1995 | 605,941,000,000 |
| 1996 | 630,598,000,000 |
| 1997 | 655,010,000,000 |
| 1998 | 634,004,000,000 |
| 1999 | 678,417,000,000 |
| 2000 | 744,631,000,000 |
| 2001 | 738,968,000,000 |
| 2002 | 760,149,000,000 |
| 2003 | 895,599,000,000 |
| 2004 | 1,026,473,000,000 |
| 2005 | 1,173,505,000,000 |
| 2006 | 1,319,356,000,000 |
| 2007 | 1,468,896,000,000 |
| 2008 | 1,552,864,000,000 |
| 2009 | 1,376,509,000,000 |
| 2010 | 1,617,345,000,000 |
| 2011 | 1,793,327,000,000 |
| 2012 | 1,828,362,000,000 |
| 2013 | 1,846,595,000,000 |
| 2014 | 1,805,751,000,000 |
| 2015 | 1,556,508,000,000 |
| 2016 | 1,527,996,000,000 |
| 2017 | 1,649,266,000,000 |
| 2018 | 1,725,300,000,000 |
| 2019 | 1,743,725,000,000 |
| 2020 | 1,655,685,000,000 |
| 2021 | 2,022,382,000,000 |
| 2022 | 2,200,567,000,000 |
| 2023 | 2,196,594,000,000 |
| 2024 | 2,270,076,000,000 |
| 2025 | 2,321,182,000,000 |
| 2026 * | 2,490,256,000,000 |
| 2027 * | 2,625,469,000,000 |
| 2028 * | 2,748,940,000,000 |
| 2029 * | 2,871,765,000,000 |
| 2030 * | 2,998,214,000,000 |
| 2031 * | 3,134,116,000,000 |
* IMF projection
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026). 2026 and later are IMF projections. GDP per capita by country · Richest countries
CO₂ emissions of Canada
CO₂ by country →- CO₂ emissions 2024
- 533 million tonnes 11th largest emitter
- Per person
- 13.4 t world: 4.73 t
- Share of world CO₂
- 1.38% 0.49% of its people
- Change since 1990
- +16% −7% since 2005
533 2024
› Show the numbers as a table
| Year | CO₂, million tonnes |
|---|---|
| 1950 | 154.13 |
| 1951 | 162.68 |
| 1952 | 159.41 |
| 1953 | 160.61 |
| 1954 | 162.97 |
| 1955 | 169.48 |
| 1956 | 189.80 |
| 1957 | 182.81 |
| 1958 | 182.16 |
| 1959 | 184.48 |
| 1960 | 192.72 |
| 1961 | 194.00 |
| 1962 | 206.99 |
| 1963 | 210.91 |
| 1964 | 237.58 |
| 1965 | 251.92 |
| 1966 | 259.07 |
| 1967 | 281.64 |
| 1968 | 303.26 |
| 1969 | 307.12 |
| 1970 | 341.23 |
| 1971 | 352.32 |
| 1972 | 380.81 |
| 1973 | 381.30 |
| 1974 | 389.63 |
| 1975 | 396.79 |
| 1976 | 398.97 |
| 1977 | 407.79 |
| 1978 | 415.53 |
| 1979 | 441.68 |
| 1980 | 442.84 |
| 1981 | 429.62 |
| 1982 | 414.45 |
| 1983 | 408.33 |
| 1984 | 425.24 |
| 1985 | 421.73 |
| 1986 | 404.71 |
| 1987 | 430.98 |
| 1988 | 455.67 |
| 1989 | 462.89 |
| 1990 | 458.02 |
| 1991 | 449.78 |
| 1992 | 463.39 |
| 1993 | 464.07 |
| 1994 | 478.47 |
| 1995 | 491.31 |
| 1996 | 507.77 |
| 1997 | 522.02 |
| 1998 | 529.62 |
| 1999 | 543.86 |
| 2000 | 566.68 |
| 2001 | 558.98 |
| 2002 | 564.26 |
| 2003 | 581.19 |
| 2004 | 576.29 |
| 2005 | 570.40 |
| 2006 | 566.32 |
| 2007 | 589.96 |
| 2008 | 574.21 |
| 2009 | 541.13 |
| 2010 | 554.31 |
| 2011 | 562.83 |
| 2012 | 561.77 |
| 2013 | 568.59 |
| 2014 | 564.94 |
| 2015 | 563.00 |
| 2016 | 553.71 |
| 2017 | 566.66 |
| 2018 | 575.09 |
| 2019 | 579.01 |
| 2020 | 524.21 |
| 2021 | 537.48 |
| 2022 | 547.66 |
| 2023 | 545.48 |
| 2024 | 533.34 |
By source, 2024
- Oil45.9%
- Gas43.8%
- Coal5.4%
- Flaring3.2%
- Cement1.4%
Fossil fuels and industry, territorial; Global Carbon Budget via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0). CO₂ per capita by country · Historical emissions
Compare with North America
| Country | Population 2026 | Growth | Fertility | Median age |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Canada | 40.5 million | +0.79% | 1.33 | 40.8 |
| United States | 349 million | +0.49% | 1.62 | 38.7 |
| Mexico | 133 million | +0.78% | 1.85 | 30.0 |
| Guatemala | 19 million | +1.47% | 2.23 | 23.8 |
| Haiti | 12 million | +1.08% | 2.55 | 24.3 |
| Dominican Republic | 11.6 million | +0.75% | 2.17 | 28.7 |
| Honduras | 11.2 million | +1.59% | 2.42 | 24.6 |
| Cuba | 10.9 million | −0.42% | 1.45 | 42.5 |
| Nicaragua | 7.1 million | +1.25% | 2.16 | 26.3 |
All 237 countries · Fertility rate by country · Birth rate by country · Median age by country · Life expectancy by country · Population growth rate by country · Population density by country · Largest countries by area · Death rate by country · Infant mortality rate by country · Elderly population by country · Net migration rate by country · Urban population by country · Sex ratio by country
Air quality in Canada today
Hourly AQI and a 48-hour forecast for 8 cities, from Toronto to Vancouver.
Questions
What is the population of Canada in 2026?
40,467,728 on 1 July 2026, according to the UN's World Population Prospects 2024 (medium-variant projection). That is 40.5 million people, +0.85% on 2025.
Is Canada's population growing or shrinking?
Growing: 341,005 more people in 2026 than in 2025, with 989 births and 907 deaths a day and net migration of +291,403 a year.
When will Canada's population peak?
Not this century on the UN's medium projection: 45.6 million in 2050 and 53.6 million in 2100, still rising.
What is the fertility rate in Canada?
1.33 births per woman in 2026. A population replaces itself at about 2.1. Canada has been below that since 1972.
How many babies are born in Canada every day?
About 989 a day (361 thousand in 2026), against about 907 deaths a day.
What is the life expectancy in Canada?
83.1 years at birth in 2026: 85.2 for women and 80.9 for men, against a world average of 73.8.
How many men and women live in Canada?
About 20.1 million men and 20.4 million women in 2026, or 98.6 men for every 100 women.
What is the population density of Canada?
5 people per km² of land in 2026, on a total area of 9,984,670 km². The world average is 64.
What was the population of Canada in 2000?
30,891,803 (30.9 million), the UN estimate for 1 July 2000. It has grown by 31% since, to 40.5 million in 2026.
What will the population of Canada be in 2050?
About 45.6 million on the UN's medium projection (45,621,882), +12.7% from 2026; 53.6 million by 2100.
What are the largest cities in Canada?
Toronto (5.5 million), Montreal (2.7 million), Vancouver (1.7 million), Calgary (1.2 million), Edmonton (994 thousand); the capital, Ottawa, has 609 thousand. UN figures for 2026, counting each city’s whole built-up area.
What is the GDP of Canada in 2026?
$2.49 trillion at current prices, the 11th largest economy in the world, on the IMF’s World Economic Outlook (October 2026) figures; real growth of +1.1%.
What is Canada's GDP per capita?
$60,105 per person at market exchange rates in 2026, or Int$ 70,374 at purchasing power parity, which adjusts for local prices.
How much CO₂ does Canada emit?
533 million tonnes from fossil fuels and industry in 2024, 13.4 t per person and 1.38% of the world total; oil is the largest source (46%).
Source and method
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, medium variant. Figures for 1950–2023 are UN estimates; later years are the medium-variant projection, which assumes fertility, mortality and migration follow their most likely paths. National statistics offices publish their own counts, which can differ. Reuse under CC BY 3.0 IGO. How we use the data.