Population · Europe
Romania population 2026
Right now · estimate
Romania population right now
18,763,117
- Births today
- 0
- Deaths today
- 0
- Births this year
- 147,849
- Births minus deaths this year
- -66,904
Romania has an estimated 18,800,605 people on 1 July 2026, the UN's projection, 108,045 fewer than a year earlier (−0.57%). It is the 70th most populous country in the world. Its population peaked in 1991 at 22.9 million and is projected to fall to 16 million by 2050.
UN projection The counter interpolates the UN’s 1 July figures to the second; it is an estimate, not a count.
Romania in numbers, 2026
- Births in 2026
- 176 thousand 482 a day
- Deaths in 2026
- 256 thousand 701 a day
- Net migration
- −29 thousand more departures than arrivals
- Growth rate
- −0.58% shrinking
- Fertility rate
- 1.71per woman below replacement (2.1)
- Median age
- 43.5years world: 31.1
- Life expectancy
- 76.4years
- Aged 65 and over
- 20.2% 27.8% by 2050
Land, people and health
- Capital
- Bucharest
- Area
- 237,500 km² 82nd largest of 237
- Population density
- 82per km² 134th most crowded
- Urban population
- 52.2% 55.3% by 2050
- Men and women
- 9.1 million / 9.7 million 93.9 men per 100 women
- Life expectancy, women
- 79.9years men: 72.9 years
- Infant mortality
- 4.8per 1,000 births under-5: 5.9
- Birth rate
- 9.4per 1,000 death rate: 13.6
- Net migration rate
- −1.5per 1,000 net departures
Population of Romania, 1950–2100
Peaked in 1991 at 22.9 million. By 2050: 16 million (−14.8% from today).
- UN estimate
- UN projection
10.8M 2026
› Show the numbers as a table
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1950 | 16,397,279 |
| 1951 | 16,625,600 |
| 1952 | 16,846,047 |
| 1953 | 17,057,698 |
| 1954 | 17,266,663 |
| 1955 | 17,475,268 |
| 1956 | 17,691,496 |
| 1957 | 17,887,289 |
| 1958 | 18,046,129 |
| 1959 | 18,187,698 |
| 1960 | 18,313,495 |
| 1961 | 18,422,514 |
| 1962 | 18,511,670 |
| 1963 | 18,587,430 |
| 1964 | 18,655,402 |
| 1965 | 18,713,054 |
| 1966 | 18,776,259 |
| 1967 | 18,998,555 |
| 1968 | 19,361,055 |
| 1969 | 19,701,808 |
| 1970 | 20,011,625 |
| 1971 | 20,293,482 |
| 1972 | 20,555,576 |
| 1973 | 20,798,323 |
| 1974 | 21,033,552 |
| 1975 | 21,268,070 |
| 1976 | 21,497,683 |
| 1977 | 21,700,178 |
| 1978 | 21,868,067 |
| 1979 | 22,019,624 |
| 1980 | 22,154,771 |
| 1981 | 22,272,789 |
| 1982 | 22,374,443 |
| 1983 | 22,459,207 |
| 1984 | 22,533,999 |
| 1985 | 22,605,820 |
| 1986 | 22,674,743 |
| 1987 | 22,745,591 |
| 1988 | 22,815,429 |
| 1989 | 22,887,641 |
| 1990 | 22,939,530 |
| 1991 | 22,947,413 |
| 1992 | 22,912,393 |
| 1993 | 22,842,250 |
| 1994 | 22,756,243 |
| 1995 | 22,657,723 |
| 1996 | 22,541,910 |
| 1997 | 22,411,513 |
| 1998 | 22,284,900 |
| 1999 | 22,166,159 |
| 2000 | 22,046,262 |
| 2001 | 21,919,917 |
| 2002 | 21,770,017 |
| 2003 | 21,593,450 |
| 2004 | 21,403,217 |
| 2005 | 21,213,388 |
| 2006 | 21,035,732 |
| 2007 | 20,870,716 |
| 2008 | 20,718,742 |
| 2009 | 20,576,927 |
| 2010 | 20,432,574 |
| 2011 | 20,282,011 |
| 2012 | 20,158,452 |
| 2013 | 20,062,921 |
| 2014 | 19,968,174 |
| 2015 | 19,871,019 |
| 2016 | 19,777,051 |
| 2017 | 19,689,402 |
| 2018 | 19,597,872 |
| 2019 | 19,501,542 |
| 2020 | 19,392,469 |
| 2021 | 19,248,161 |
| 2022 | 19,166,772 |
| 2023 | 19,118,479 |
| 2024 * | 19,015,088 |
| 2025 * | 18,908,650 |
| 2026 * | 18,800,605 |
| 2027 * | 18,691,557 |
| 2028 * | 18,581,890 |
| 2029 * | 18,471,048 |
| 2030 * | 18,359,507 |
| 2031 * | 18,247,763 |
| 2032 * | 18,135,675 |
| 2033 * | 18,022,869 |
| 2034 * | 17,909,246 |
| 2035 * | 17,794,417 |
| 2036 * | 17,678,048 |
| 2037 * | 17,561,291 |
| 2038 * | 17,443,921 |
| 2039 * | 17,326,562 |
| 2040 * | 17,209,718 |
| 2041 * | 17,091,782 |
| 2042 * | 16,973,751 |
| 2043 * | 16,856,343 |
| 2044 * | 16,738,280 |
| 2045 * | 16,620,320 |
| 2046 * | 16,502,990 |
| 2047 * | 16,384,828 |
| 2048 * | 16,265,694 |
| 2049 * | 16,146,362 |
| 2050 * | 16,027,266 |
| 2051 * | 15,907,818 |
| 2052 * | 15,786,540 |
| 2053 * | 15,664,523 |
| 2054 * | 15,541,852 |
| 2055 * | 15,416,580 |
| 2056 * | 15,288,920 |
| 2057 * | 15,160,134 |
| 2058 * | 15,030,496 |
| 2059 * | 14,899,678 |
| 2060 * | 14,768,088 |
| 2061 * | 14,635,769 |
| 2062 * | 14,502,742 |
| 2063 * | 14,370,766 |
| 2064 * | 14,240,312 |
| 2065 * | 14,110,664 |
| 2066 * | 13,983,436 |
| 2067 * | 13,859,610 |
| 2068 * | 13,738,884 |
| 2069 * | 13,620,624 |
| 2070 * | 13,504,412 |
| 2071 * | 13,390,696 |
| 2072 * | 13,279,476 |
| 2073 * | 13,171,536 |
| 2074 * | 13,066,168 |
| 2075 * | 12,962,630 |
| 2076 * | 12,861,113 |
| 2077 * | 12,761,159 |
| 2078 * | 12,662,734 |
| 2079 * | 12,565,884 |
| 2080 * | 12,470,346 |
| 2081 * | 12,376,340 |
| 2082 * | 12,284,928 |
| 2083 * | 12,195,340 |
| 2084 * | 12,106,780 |
| 2085 * | 12,019,755 |
| 2086 * | 11,933,497 |
| 2087 * | 11,848,517 |
| 2088 * | 11,764,994 |
| 2089 * | 11,681,726 |
| 2090 * | 11,598,357 |
| 2091 * | 11,515,528 |
| 2092 * | 11,433,199 |
| 2093 * | 11,350,370 |
| 2094 * | 11,267,856 |
| 2095 * | 11,185,526 |
| 2096 * | 11,102,768 |
| 2097 * | 11,019,835 |
| 2098 * | 10,936,474 |
| 2099 * | 10,852,572 |
| 2100 * | 10,768,185 |
* UN projection
Population of Romania by year
22 million in 2000, 18.8 million in 2026. Every year for the last decade, then every five years to 1950. * UN projection; earlier years are UN estimates.
| Year | Population | Yearly change | Change | Net migrants | Median age | Fertility | Density (km²) | Urban | World share | World rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026* | 18,800,605 | −0.57% | −108,045 | −28,982 | 43.5 | 1.71 | 82 | 52% | 0.23% | 70 |
| 2025* | 18,908,650 | −0.56% | −106,438 | −29,041 | 43.2 | 1.71 | 82 | 52% | 0.23% | 69 |
| 2024* | 19,015,088 | −0.54% | −103,391 | −28,466 | 42.9 | 1.71 | 83 | 52% | 0.23% | 67 |
| 2023 | 19,118,479 | −0.25% | −48,293 | −27,780 | 42.6 | 1.71 | 83 | 52% | 0.24% | 67 |
| 2022 | 19,166,772 | −0.42% | −81,389 | +89,076 | 42.4 | 1.72 | 83 | 52% | 0.24% | 66 |
| 2021 | 19,248,161 | −0.74% | −144,308 | −17,731 | 42.2 | 1.72 | 84 | 52% | 0.24% | 66 |
| 2020 | 19,392,469 | −0.56% | −109,073 | −13,202 | 42.0 | 1.73 | 84 | 53% | 0.25% | 64 |
| 2019 | 19,501,542 | −0.49% | −96,330 | −27,909 | 41.6 | 1.71 | 85 | 53% | 0.25% | 62 |
| 2018 | 19,597,872 | −0.46% | −91,530 | −33,018 | 41.3 | 1.75 | 85 | 53% | 0.25% | 61 |
| 2017 | 19,689,402 | −0.44% | −87,649 | −33,081 | 41.0 | 1.77 | 86 | 53% | 0.26% | 61 |
| 2016 | 19,777,051 | −0.47% | −93,968 | −33,073 | 40.6 | 1.69 | 86 | 54% | 0.26% | 59 |
| 2015 | 19,871,019 | −0.49% | −97,155 | −35,751 | 40.3 | 1.62 | 86 | 54% | 0.27% | 59 |
| 2010 | 20,432,574 | −0.70% | −144,353 | −122,364 | 38.3 | 1.57 | 89 | 54% | 0.29% | 58 |
| 2005 | 21,213,388 | −0.89% | −189,829 | −131,176 | 35.8 | 1.39 | 92 | 53% | 0.32% | 50 |
| 2000 | 22,046,262 | −0.54% | −119,897 | −92,451 | 33.6 | 1.30 | 96 | 53% | 0.36% | 47 |
| 1995 | 22,657,723 | −0.43% | −98,520 | −73,779 | 33.1 | 1.34 | 98 | 54% | 0.39% | 41 |
| 1990 | 22,939,530 | +0.23% | +51,889 | −38,157 | 32.1 | 1.84 | 100 | 54% | 0.43% | 36 |
| 1985 | 22,605,820 | +0.32% | +71,821 | −28,108 | 31.5 | 2.31 | 98 | 53% | 0.46% | 33 |
| 1980 | 22,154,771 | +0.61% | +135,147 | −16,668 | 30.6 | 2.43 | 96 | 50% | 0.50% | 33 |
| 1975 | 21,268,070 | +1.11% | +234,518 | +9,125 | 30.7 | 2.59 | 92 | 47% | 0.52% | 33 |
| 1970 | 20,011,625 | +1.57% | +309,817 | +71,919 | 30.4 | 2.81 | 87 | 42% | 0.54% | 33 |
| 1965 | 18,713,054 | +0.31% | +57,652 | −60,430 | 29.6 | 1.90 | 81 | 38% | 0.56% | 31 |
| 1960 | 18,313,495 | +0.69% | +125,797 | −55,397 | 27.5 | 2.32 | 80 | 34% | 0.61% | 29 |
| 1955 | 17,475,268 | +1.21% | +208,605 | −41,093 | 26.1 | 3.01 | 76 | 31% | 0.64% | 29 |
| 1950 | 16,397,279 | – | – | +8,256 | 25.3 | 3.08 | 71 | 25% | 0.66% | 29 |
Population forecast for Romania
UN medium-variant projection: 16 million in 2050 (−14.8% from 2026), 10.8 million in 2100.
| Year | Population | Yearly change | Net migrants | Median age | Fertility | Density (km²) | Urban | World share | World rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2030 | 18,359,507 | −0.60% | −26,893 | 44.1 | 1.70 | 80 | 52% | 0.21% | 74 |
| 2035 | 17,794,417 | −0.64% | −27,327 | 45.5 | 1.69 | 77 | 53% | 0.20% | 77 |
| 2040 | 17,209,718 | −0.67% | −24,390 | 46.2 | 1.69 | 75 | 53% | 0.19% | 78 |
| 2045 | 16,620,320 | −0.70% | −23,052 | 46.2 | 1.69 | 72 | 54% | 0.18% | 79 |
| 2050 | 16,027,266 | −0.74% | −21,471 | 46.2 | 1.68 | 70 | 55% | 0.17% | 81 |
| 2060 | 14,768,088 | −0.88% | −19,798 | 47.1 | 1.68 | 64 | – | 0.15% | 87 |
| 2070 | 13,504,412 | −0.85% | −17,976 | 47.8 | 1.67 | 59 | – | 0.13% | 91 |
| 2080 | 12,470,346 | −0.76% | −16,892 | 48.1 | 1.67 | 54 | – | 0.12% | 93 |
| 2090 | 11,598,357 | −0.71% | −14,238 | 49.0 | 1.67 | 50 | – | 0.11% | 94 |
| 2100 | 10,768,185 | −0.78% | −13,406 | 50.3 | 1.67 | 47 | – | 0.11% | 98 |
Largest cities in Romania
Urban area in 2026: the whole built-up city, measured the same way for every country (UN, 2025). * UN projection. Largest cities in the world
| # | City | Population 2026 | 2050* |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bucharest (capital) | 1,903,867 | 1,766,910 |
| 2 | Timișoara | 318,640 | 301,605 |
| 3 | Cluj-Napoca | 310,137 | 298,725 |
| 4 | Iași | 274,610 | 254,340 |
| 5 | Constanța | 267,994 | 247,357 |
| 6 | Craiova | 250,497 | 233,484 |
| 7 | Brasov | 226,173 | 212,281 |
| 8 | Galați | 224,470 | 204,754 |
| 9 | Ploiești | 187,369 | 172,095 |
| 10 | Oradea | 163,194 | 158,133 |
Age structure
Median age 43.5. 20.2% are 65 or older, 27.8% by 2050; 15.4% are under 15.
Share of the total population in each age group (%)
Births per woman
1.71 in 2026; about 2.1 keeps a population stable without migration. Below 2.1 since 1990.
- UN estimate
- UN projection
1.7 2026
› Show the numbers as a table
| Year | Fertility rate |
|---|---|
| 1950 | 3.08 |
| 1951 | 3.05 |
| 1952 | 3.02 |
| 1953 | 2.99 |
| 1954 | 2.99 |
| 1955 | 3.01 |
| 1956 | 2.88 |
| 1957 | 2.71 |
| 1958 | 2.57 |
| 1959 | 2.42 |
| 1960 | 2.32 |
| 1961 | 2.16 |
| 1962 | 2.02 |
| 1963 | 1.99 |
| 1964 | 1.95 |
| 1965 | 1.90 |
| 1966 | 1.87 |
| 1967 | 3.59 |
| 1968 | 3.54 |
| 1969 | 3.11 |
| 1970 | 2.81 |
| 1971 | 2.60 |
| 1972 | 2.48 |
| 1973 | 2.39 |
| 1974 | 2.66 |
| 1975 | 2.59 |
| 1976 | 2.55 |
| 1977 | 2.57 |
| 1978 | 2.52 |
| 1979 | 2.49 |
| 1980 | 2.43 |
| 1981 | 2.35 |
| 1982 | 2.17 |
| 1983 | 2.08 |
| 1984 | 2.25 |
| 1985 | 2.31 |
| 1986 | 2.38 |
| 1987 | 2.38 |
| 1988 | 2.31 |
| 1989 | 2.20 |
| 1990 | 1.84 |
| 1991 | 1.60 |
| 1992 | 1.51 |
| 1993 | 1.44 |
| 1994 | 1.40 |
| 1995 | 1.34 |
| 1996 | 1.30 |
| 1997 | 1.32 |
| 1998 | 1.32 |
| 1999 | 1.30 |
| 2000 | 1.30 |
| 2001 | 1.27 |
| 2002 | 1.27 |
| 2003 | 1.30 |
| 2004 | 1.34 |
| 2005 | 1.39 |
| 2006 | 1.42 |
| 2007 | 1.45 |
| 2008 | 1.58 |
| 2009 | 1.64 |
| 2010 | 1.57 |
| 2011 | 1.48 |
| 2012 | 1.51 |
| 2013 | 1.47 |
| 2014 | 1.56 |
| 2015 | 1.62 |
| 2016 | 1.69 |
| 2017 | 1.77 |
| 2018 | 1.75 |
| 2019 | 1.71 |
| 2020 | 1.73 |
| 2021 | 1.72 |
| 2022 | 1.72 |
| 2023 | 1.71 |
| 2024 * | 1.71 |
| 2025 * | 1.71 |
| 2026 * | 1.71 |
| 2027 * | 1.70 |
| 2028 * | 1.70 |
| 2029 * | 1.70 |
| 2030 * | 1.70 |
| 2031 * | 1.70 |
| 2032 * | 1.70 |
| 2033 * | 1.70 |
| 2034 * | 1.70 |
| 2035 * | 1.69 |
| 2036 * | 1.69 |
| 2037 * | 1.69 |
| 2038 * | 1.69 |
| 2039 * | 1.69 |
| 2040 * | 1.69 |
| 2041 * | 1.69 |
| 2042 * | 1.69 |
| 2043 * | 1.69 |
| 2044 * | 1.69 |
| 2045 * | 1.69 |
| 2046 * | 1.69 |
| 2047 * | 1.69 |
| 2048 * | 1.68 |
| 2049 * | 1.68 |
| 2050 * | 1.68 |
| 2051 * | 1.68 |
| 2052 * | 1.68 |
| 2053 * | 1.68 |
| 2054 * | 1.68 |
| 2055 * | 1.68 |
| 2056 * | 1.68 |
| 2057 * | 1.68 |
| 2058 * | 1.68 |
| 2059 * | 1.68 |
| 2060 * | 1.68 |
| 2061 * | 1.68 |
| 2062 * | 1.68 |
| 2063 * | 1.68 |
| 2064 * | 1.68 |
| 2065 * | 1.68 |
| 2066 * | 1.68 |
| 2067 * | 1.68 |
| 2068 * | 1.68 |
| 2069 * | 1.67 |
| 2070 * | 1.67 |
| 2071 * | 1.67 |
| 2072 * | 1.67 |
| 2073 * | 1.67 |
| 2074 * | 1.67 |
| 2075 * | 1.67 |
| 2076 * | 1.67 |
| 2077 * | 1.67 |
| 2078 * | 1.67 |
| 2079 * | 1.67 |
| 2080 * | 1.67 |
| 2081 * | 1.67 |
| 2082 * | 1.67 |
| 2083 * | 1.67 |
| 2084 * | 1.67 |
| 2085 * | 1.67 |
| 2086 * | 1.67 |
| 2087 * | 1.67 |
| 2088 * | 1.67 |
| 2089 * | 1.67 |
| 2090 * | 1.67 |
| 2091 * | 1.67 |
| 2092 * | 1.67 |
| 2093 * | 1.67 |
| 2094 * | 1.67 |
| 2095 * | 1.67 |
| 2096 * | 1.67 |
| 2097 * | 1.67 |
| 2098 * | 1.66 |
| 2099 * | 1.67 |
| 2100 * | 1.67 |
* UN projection
Births and deaths each year
Deaths have outnumbered births since 1993.
- Births
- Deaths
- UN estimate
- UN projection
87.3k158k 2026
› Show the numbers as a table
| Year | Births | Deaths |
|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 417,257 | 194,862 |
| 1951 | 422,118 | 194,071 |
| 1952 | 424,771 | 192,167 |
| 1953 | 427,991 | 189,778 |
| 1954 | 433,948 | 188,879 |
| 1955 | 441,735 | 192,970 |
| 1956 | 426,937 | 190,107 |
| 1957 | 406,720 | 187,167 |
| 1958 | 388,337 | 183,451 |
| 1959 | 365,786 | 178,831 |
| 1960 | 348,222 | 173,513 |
| 1961 | 320,549 | 167,184 |
| 1962 | 297,335 | 161,594 |
| 1963 | 288,519 | 158,514 |
| 1964 | 279,351 | 155,832 |
| 1965 | 270,385 | 158,672 |
| 1966 | 264,821 | 164,244 |
| 1967 | 510,539 | 178,343 |
| 1968 | 509,623 | 187,693 |
| 1969 | 454,894 | 203,765 |
| 1970 | 418,706 | 196,974 |
| 1971 | 395,201 | 199,618 |
| 1972 | 385,436 | 193,226 |
| 1973 | 379,753 | 207,040 |
| 1974 | 428,430 | 196,068 |
| 1975 | 422,961 | 202,134 |
| 1976 | 417,557 | 207,030 |
| 1977 | 418,612 | 214,759 |
| 1978 | 406,687 | 215,205 |
| 1979 | 396,607 | 223,954 |
| 1980 | 381,606 | 237,692 |
| 1981 | 362,763 | 233,102 |
| 1982 | 329,197 | 229,953 |
| 1983 | 310,478 | 238,554 |
| 1984 | 336,008 | 236,812 |
| 1985 | 347,803 | 250,630 |
| 1986 | 367,835 | 248,609 |
| 1987 | 376,668 | 260,870 |
| 1988 | 376,046 | 260,385 |
| 1989 | 365,632 | 254,093 |
| 1990 | 315,316 | 251,056 |
| 1991 | 281,531 | 255,046 |
| 1992 | 269,273 | 265,775 |
| 1993 | 258,713 | 265,824 |
| 1994 | 252,862 | 268,046 |
| 1995 | 241,445 | 273,267 |
| 1996 | 234,634 | 289,864 |
| 1997 | 236,400 | 282,442 |
| 1998 | 235,028 | 272,100 |
| 1999 | 230,951 | 267,404 |
| 2000 | 228,113 | 256,413 |
| 2001 | 220,102 | 260,892 |
| 2002 | 217,678 | 278,962 |
| 2003 | 220,146 | 298,258 |
| 2004 | 223,352 | 301,140 |
| 2005 | 229,483 | 282,749 |
| 2006 | 229,474 | 267,556 |
| 2007 | 228,535 | 254,622 |
| 2008 | 242,417 | 242,835 |
| 2009 | 242,503 | 243,400 |
| 2010 | 225,478 | 252,957 |
| 2011 | 204,154 | 252,669 |
| 2012 | 202,782 | 261,026 |
| 2013 | 192,935 | 253,246 |
| 2014 | 200,990 | 259,818 |
| 2015 | 204,558 | 268,849 |
| 2016 | 208,708 | 263,528 |
| 2017 | 213,626 | 267,948 |
| 2018 | 206,794 | 269,435 |
| 2019 | 196,640 | 265,725 |
| 2020 | 193,180 | 301,133 |
| 2021 | 187,162 | 336,901 |
| 2022 | 183,845 | 268,224 |
| 2023 | 183,623 | 257,119 |
| 2024 * | 180,942 | 257,985 |
| 2025 * | 178,474 | 256,801 |
| 2026 * | 176,198 | 255,931 |
| 2027 * | 173,943 | 255,105 |
| 2028 * | 171,990 | 254,468 |
| 2029 * | 170,235 | 253,964 |
| 2030 * | 169,057 | 253,525 |
| 2031 * | 167,978 | 253,335 |
| 2032 * | 167,297 | 253,207 |
| 2033 * | 166,422 | 253,354 |
| 2034 * | 165,788 | 253,665 |
| 2035 * | 165,119 | 253,766 |
| 2036 * | 164,651 | 254,060 |
| 2037 * | 164,125 | 254,385 |
| 2038 * | 163,495 | 254,498 |
| 2039 * | 162,652 | 254,639 |
| 2040 * | 161,969 | 254,536 |
| 2041 * | 160,974 | 254,261 |
| 2042 * | 159,963 | 253,696 |
| 2043 * | 158,978 | 252,883 |
| 2044 * | 157,567 | 251,805 |
| 2045 * | 156,037 | 250,453 |
| 2046 * | 154,445 | 249,155 |
| 2047 * | 152,624 | 247,581 |
| 2048 * | 150,558 | 246,082 |
| 2049 * | 148,577 | 244,762 |
| 2050 * | 146,301 | 243,492 |
| 2051 * | 144,074 | 242,257 |
| 2052 * | 141,868 | 241,264 |
| 2053 * | 139,595 | 240,348 |
| 2054 * | 137,440 | 239,891 |
| 2055 * | 135,420 | 239,601 |
| 2056 * | 133,471 | 239,533 |
| 2057 * | 131,501 | 239,680 |
| 2058 * | 129,884 | 239,514 |
| 2059 * | 128,304 | 239,340 |
| 2060 * | 126,981 | 238,841 |
| 2061 * | 125,793 | 238,200 |
| 2062 * | 124,699 | 236,813 |
| 2063 * | 123,718 | 235,068 |
| 2064 * | 122,803 | 232,923 |
| 2065 * | 121,888 | 230,492 |
| 2066 * | 120,985 | 227,717 |
| 2067 * | 120,372 | 224,711 |
| 2068 * | 119,824 | 221,806 |
| 2069 * | 118,963 | 218,444 |
| 2070 * | 118,262 | 215,172 |
| 2071 * | 117,502 | 212,070 |
| 2072 * | 116,678 | 208,998 |
| 2073 * | 115,933 | 205,955 |
| 2074 * | 114,973 | 202,779 |
| 2075 * | 114,094 | 199,812 |
| 2076 * | 112,941 | 196,876 |
| 2077 * | 111,963 | 193,985 |
| 2078 * | 110,835 | 191,484 |
| 2079 * | 109,581 | 188,895 |
| 2080 * | 108,228 | 186,371 |
| 2081 * | 106,935 | 183,688 |
| 2082 * | 105,670 | 181,240 |
| 2083 * | 104,240 | 178,843 |
| 2084 * | 102,909 | 176,421 |
| 2085 * | 101,513 | 173,986 |
| 2086 * | 100,157 | 171,708 |
| 2087 * | 98,905 | 169,557 |
| 2088 * | 97,643 | 167,593 |
| 2089 * | 96,430 | 165,917 |
| 2090 * | 95,294 | 164,590 |
| 2091 * | 94,386 | 163,414 |
| 2092 * | 93,411 | 162,666 |
| 2093 * | 92,508 | 161,959 |
| 2094 * | 91,578 | 161,328 |
| 2095 * | 90,851 | 160,933 |
| 2096 * | 90,129 | 160,488 |
| 2097 * | 89,291 | 159,936 |
| 2098 * | 88,535 | 159,551 |
| 2099 * | 87,937 | 159,097 |
| 2100 * | 87,303 | 158,477 |
* UN projection
Economy of Romania
GDP by country →- GDP 2026
- $470 billion 40th largest economy
- GDP per person
- $24,741 US$, market rates
- GDP per person (PPP)
- Int$ 49,628 at purchasing power parity
- Economic growth
- −0.5% real GDP
- Inflation
- 8.2% consumer prices
- Unemployment
- 6.5% of the labour force
- Government debt
- 62.6% of GDP
- Share of world GDP
- 0.4%
- IMF estimate
- IMF projection
627B 2026
› Show the numbers as a table
| Year | GDP, US$ |
|---|---|
| 1990 | 38,516,000,000 |
| 1991 | 29,070,000,000 |
| 1992 | 19,779,000,000 |
| 1993 | 26,624,000,000 |
| 1994 | 30,376,000,000 |
| 1995 | 35,838,000,000 |
| 1996 | 35,692,000,000 |
| 1997 | 35,644,000,000 |
| 1998 | 42,543,000,000 |
| 1999 | 35,953,000,000 |
| 2000 | 37,447,000,000 |
| 2001 | 40,396,000,000 |
| 2002 | 46,035,000,000 |
| 2003 | 57,790,000,000 |
| 2004 | 75,059,000,000 |
| 2005 | 98,547,000,000 |
| 2006 | 122,114,000,000 |
| 2007 | 174,831,000,000 |
| 2008 | 215,567,000,000 |
| 2009 | 174,572,000,000 |
| 2010 | 170,329,000,000 |
| 2011 | 192,846,000,000 |
| 2012 | 179,228,000,000 |
| 2013 | 189,839,000,000 |
| 2014 | 199,989,000,000 |
| 2015 | 177,878,000,000 |
| 2016 | 185,337,000,000 |
| 2017 | 210,530,000,000 |
| 2018 | 241,973,000,000 |
| 2019 | 250,056,000,000 |
| 2020 | 250,961,000,000 |
| 2021 | 285,275,000,000 |
| 2022 | 295,891,000,000 |
| 2023 | 347,829,000,000 |
| 2024 | 382,650,000,000 |
| 2025 | 429,289,000,000 |
| 2026 * | 470,091,000,000 |
| 2027 * | 500,036,000,000 |
| 2028 * | 534,899,000,000 |
| 2029 * | 564,711,000,000 |
| 2030 * | 596,598,000,000 |
| 2031 * | 627,338,000,000 |
* IMF projection
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook (October 2026). 2026 and later are IMF projections. GDP per capita by country · Richest countries
CO₂ emissions of Romania
CO₂ by country →- CO₂ emissions 2024
- 68.5 million tonnes 50th largest emitter
- Per person
- 3.60 t world: 4.73 t
- Share of world CO₂
- 0.18% 0.23% of its people
- Change since 1990
- −61% −32% since 2005
69 2024
› Show the numbers as a table
| Year | CO₂, million tonnes |
|---|---|
| 1950 | 19.42 |
| 1951 | 22.50 |
| 1952 | 26.63 |
| 1953 | 30.63 |
| 1954 | 33.50 |
| 1955 | 36.78 |
| 1956 | 40.78 |
| 1957 | 45.93 |
| 1958 | 49.79 |
| 1959 | 50.64 |
| 1960 | 53.39 |
| 1961 | 55.72 |
| 1962 | 63.81 |
| 1963 | 69.45 |
| 1964 | 72.04 |
| 1965 | 78.64 |
| 1966 | 84.09 |
| 1967 | 92.03 |
| 1968 | 100.08 |
| 1969 | 111.52 |
| 1970 | 119.98 |
| 1971 | 125.66 |
| 1972 | 132.21 |
| 1973 | 144.69 |
| 1974 | 150.61 |
| 1975 | 161.86 |
| 1976 | 174.28 |
| 1977 | 177.83 |
| 1978 | 193.24 |
| 1979 | 195.32 |
| 1980 | 195.81 |
| 1981 | 197.32 |
| 1982 | 194.88 |
| 1983 | 199.66 |
| 1984 | 188.32 |
| 1985 | 193.45 |
| 1986 | 201.07 |
| 1987 | 211.02 |
| 1988 | 211.57 |
| 1989 | 212.97 |
| 1990 | 176.53 |
| 1991 | 142.26 |
| 1992 | 132.00 |
| 1993 | 122.71 |
| 1994 | 120.87 |
| 1995 | 125.67 |
| 1996 | 129.12 |
| 1997 | 118.11 |
| 1998 | 104.78 |
| 1999 | 88.90 |
| 2000 | 93.21 |
| 2001 | 98.93 |
| 2002 | 99.07 |
| 2003 | 103.71 |
| 2004 | 103.23 |
| 2005 | 101.34 |
| 2006 | 104.29 |
| 2007 | 108.50 |
| 2008 | 107.00 |
| 2009 | 87.81 |
| 2010 | 84.49 |
| 2011 | 92.39 |
| 2012 | 89.85 |
| 2013 | 78.80 |
| 2014 | 79.33 |
| 2015 | 78.05 |
| 2016 | 76.59 |
| 2017 | 79.43 |
| 2018 | 79.87 |
| 2019 | 76.69 |
| 2020 | 73.95 |
| 2021 | 77.50 |
| 2022 | 73.19 |
| 2023 | 67.87 |
| 2024 | 68.55 |
By source, 2024
- Oil50.3%
- Gas30.5%
- Coal11.7%
- Cement5.4%
- Flaring1.2%
Fossil fuels and industry, territorial; Global Carbon Budget via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0). CO₂ per capita by country · Historical emissions
Compare with Europe
| Country | Population 2026 | Growth | Fertility | Median age |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Romania | 18.8 million | −0.58% | 1.71 | 43.5 |
| Russia | 143 million | −0.23% | 1.47 | 40.7 |
| Germany | 83.6 million | −0.23% | 1.46 | 45.7 |
| United Kingdom | 69.9 million | +0.52% | 1.53 | 40.2 |
| France | 66.7 million | +0.14% | 1.64 | 42.5 |
| Italy | 58.9 million | −0.39% | 1.22 | 48.6 |
| Spain | 47.9 million | −0.10% | 1.24 | 46.3 |
| Ukraine | 39.5 million | −0.74% | 1.00 | 41.8 |
| Poland | 37.8 million | −0.38% | 1.31 | 43.0 |
All 237 countries · Fertility rate by country · Birth rate by country · Median age by country · Life expectancy by country · Population growth rate by country · Population density by country · Largest countries by area · Death rate by country · Infant mortality rate by country · Elderly population by country · Net migration rate by country · Urban population by country · Sex ratio by country
Air quality in Romania today
Hourly AQI and a 48-hour forecast for Bucharest.
Questions
What is the population of Romania in 2026?
18,800,605 on 1 July 2026, according to the UN's World Population Prospects 2024 (medium-variant projection). That is 18.8 million people, −0.57% on 2025.
Is Romania's population growing or shrinking?
Shrinking: 108,045 fewer people in 2026 than in 2025. Deaths have outnumbered births since 1993.
When will Romania's population peak?
It already did: 22.9 million in 1991. The UN projects 16 million in 2050 and 10.8 million in 2100.
What is the fertility rate in Romania?
1.71 births per woman in 2026. A population replaces itself at about 2.1. Romania has been below that since 1990.
How many babies are born in Romania every day?
About 482 a day (176 thousand in 2026), against about 701 deaths a day.
What is the life expectancy in Romania?
76.4 years at birth in 2026: 79.9 for women and 72.9 for men, against a world average of 73.8.
How many men and women live in Romania?
About 9.1 million men and 9.7 million women in 2026, or 93.9 men for every 100 women.
What is the population density of Romania?
82 people per km² of land in 2026, on a total area of 237,500 km². The world average is 64.
What was the population of Romania in 2000?
22,046,262 (22 million), the UN estimate for 1 July 2000. It has fallen by 15% since, to 18.8 million in 2026.
What will the population of Romania be in 2050?
About 16 million on the UN's medium projection (16,027,266), −14.8% from 2026; 10.8 million by 2100.
What are the largest cities in Romania?
Bucharest (1.9 million), Timișoara (319 thousand), Cluj-Napoca (310 thousand), Iași (275 thousand), Constanța (268 thousand). UN figures for 2026, counting each city’s whole built-up area.
What is the GDP of Romania in 2026?
$470 billion at current prices, the 40th largest economy in the world, on the IMF’s World Economic Outlook (October 2026) figures; real growth of −0.5%.
What is Romania's GDP per capita?
$24,741 per person at market exchange rates in 2026, or Int$ 49,628 at purchasing power parity, which adjusts for local prices.
How much CO₂ does Romania emit?
68.5 million tonnes from fossil fuels and industry in 2024, 3.60 t per person and 0.18% of the world total; oil is the largest source (50%).
Source and method
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, medium variant. Figures for 1950–2023 are UN estimates; later years are the medium-variant projection, which assumes fertility, mortality and migration follow their most likely paths. National statistics offices publish their own counts, which can differ. Reuse under CC BY 3.0 IGO. How we use the data.